Thaum tshav kub kub-cov hlau tsis muaj zog yog hais txog cov hlau uas muaj siab - kub oxidation tsis kam thiab siab - qhov kub thiab txias. Siab - kub oxidation kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lub sij hawm ntev - ua hauj lwm ntawm workpieces ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nyob rau hauv oxidizing ib puag ncig xws li siab - cua kub, oxygen reacts chemically nrog steel nto los tsim ntau yam hlau oxide txheej. Cov oxide txheej no yog qhov ntxeem tau, poob cov khoom qub ntawm cov hlau, thiab yooj yim tev tawm. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov siab -kub oxidation tsis kam ntawm steel, alloying ntsiab yog ntxiv rau cov hlau, yog li hloov cov qauv ntawm cov oxides. Feem ntau siv alloying ntsiab muaj xws li chromium, silicon, thiab txhuas. Lawv hnov mob nrog oxygen los tsim cov txheej tuab thiab ruaj khov oxide, lossis txheej txheej passivation xws li Cr2O3, SiO2, lossis Al2O3, ntawm cov hlau saum npoo los tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm oxidation ntxiv. Cov nyiaj ntau dua ntawm chromium, silicon, thiab txhuas ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua -kub oxidation tsis kam, tab sis ntau dhau ntawm silicon thiab aluminium deteriorate cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau. Yog li ntawd, cua sov-cov hlau tsis muaj zog siv chromium ua cov ntsiab lus alloying thiab silicon thiab txhuas ua cov khoom pabcuam. Hauv luv luv, qhov siab - kub oxidation tsis kam ntawm hlau tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Siab - qhov kub thiab txias yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov hlau los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov hlau tau ntsib ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov khoom siv thauj khoom ntawm qhov kub thiab txias: softening (lub zog txo nrog qhov kub thiab txias) thiab creep (maj mam nce cov yas deformation dhau sijhawm nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab tas li). Yas deformation nyob rau hauv cov hlau nyob rau hauv high kub yog tshwm sim los ntawm intragranular plam thiab grain ciam swb. Alloying feem ntau yog siv los txhim kho qhov siab - qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov hlau. Qhov no suav nrog ntxiv cov ntsiab lus alloying txhawm rau txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib txuas thiab tsim cov microstructures zoo. Ntxiv chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, thiab titanium ntxiv dag zog rau cov hlau matrix, tsub kom lub recrystallization kub, thiab cov ntaub ntawv reinforcing carbides los yog intermetallic tebchaw xws li Cr23C6, VC, thiab TiC. Cov theem kev txhawb zog no ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tsis yaj, tsis sib sau ua ke, thiab tswj lawv cov hardness. Ntxiv nickel feem ntau yog hom phiaj kom tau txais austenite. Austenite has a denser atomic arrangement than ferrite, resulting in stronger interatomic bonding and less atomic diffusion. Yog li ntawd, austenite qhia tau zoo dua siab dua - qhov kub thiab txias. Nws yog pov thawj tias qhov siab - qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov cua sov- cov hlau resistant tsis yog tsuas yog rau nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg xwb tab sis kuj rau nws cov microstructure.